Salivary Gland Disorders
Salivary gland disorders refer to conditions that cause swelling or pain in the saliva-producing tissues around the mouth.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
The salivary glands produce saliva (spit), which moistens food to aid chewing and swallowing. Saliva contains enzymes that begin the digestion process. Saliva also cleans the mouth by washing away bacteria and food particles. Saliva keeps the mouth moist and helps to keep dentures or orthodontic appliances (such as retainers) in place. There are three pairs of salivary glands:
- The two largest are the parotid glands, one in each cheek in front of the ears.
- Two submandibular glands are at the back of the mouth on both sides of the jaw.
- Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth.
Symptoms
- Swelling of the face or neck
- Swelling in front of the ears
- Pain in the face or mouth pain
- Abnormal tastes, foul tastes
- Decreased ability to open the mouth
- Discomfort when opening the mouth
- Dry mouth
The treatment varies depending on the specific disorder.
Prevention
Most of the problems with salivary glands are not preventable. Adequate hydration, use of sialogogues (things that increase salivation -- for example, sour candy), and massage of the gland can increase salivary flow and help prevent infection.
Credit: National Institute of Health.